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Paris is the capital and most populous city of France, with an area of 105 square kilometres (41 square miles) and an official estimated population of 2,140,526 residents as of 1 January 2019. Since the 17th century, Paris has been one of Europe's major centres of finance, diplomacy, commerce, fashion, science, as well as the arts. The City of Paris is the centre and seat of government of the lle-De-France, or Paris Region, which has an estimated official 2019 population of 12,213,364, or about 18 percent of the population of France. The Paris Region had a GDP of €709 billion ($808 billion) in 2017.  According to the Economist Intelligence Unit Worldwide Cost of Living Survey in 2018, Paris was the second most expensive city in the world, after Singapore, and ahead of Zurich, Hong Kong, Oslo and Geneva.  Another source ranked Paris as most expensive, on a par with Singapore and Hong Kong, in 2018.  The city is a major railway, highway, and air-transport hub served by two international airports: paris-Charles de Gaulle (the second busiest airport in Europe) and Paris-orly. Opened in 1900, the city's subway system, the Paris-Metro, serves 5.23 million passengers daily, and is the second busiest metro system in Europe after Moscow Metro. Gare Du Nord is the 24th busiest railway station in the world, but the first located outside Japan, with 262 million passengers in 2015.

Paris is especially known for its museums and architectural landmarks: the Louvre was the most visited museum in the world in 2018, with 10.2 million visitors. The Musee d'Orsay and Musee de I'orangerie are noted for their collections of French Impressionist art, and the Pompidou Centre Musee National dÁrt Moderne has the largest collection of modern and contemporary art in Europe. The historical district along the Seine in the city centre is classified as a UNESCO Heritage Site. Popular landmarks in the centre of the city include the Cathedrel of Notre Dame de Paris and the Gothic royal chapel of Saint-Chapelle, both on the lle de la cite'; the Eiffile Tower, constructed for theParis Universal Exposition of 1889; the Grand Palais and Petit Palais, built for the Paris Universal Exposition of 1900; the Arc de Triomphe  on the Champs-Elysees, and the Basilica of Sacre-Coeur on the hill of Montmartre . Paris received 23 million visitors in 2017, measured by hotel stays, with the largest numbers of foreign visitors coming from the United States, the United Kingdom, Germany and China. It was ranked as the third most visited travel destination in the world in 2017, after Bangkok and London. The footboll club Paris Saint-Germain and the rugby union club stade Francaisare based in Paris. The 80,000-seat Stade de France built for the 1998 FIFA World Cups, is located just north of Paris in the neighbouring commune of Saint-Denis. Paris hosts the annual French Open Grand Slam Tennis tournament on the red clay of Roland-Garros Paris hosted the Olympic Games in 1900, 1924 and will host the 2024 summer Olympics. The 1938 and 1998 FIFA World Cups, the 2007 Rugby World Cup, and the 1960, 1984 and 2016 UEFA Europion Championship were also held in the city and, every July, the Tour de France bicycle race finishes there.